서 론
연구방법
2. 연구대상 및 자료수집
1) 1단계: 연구질문 개발
2) 2단계: 관련 문헌검색
(1) 검색방법
3) 3단계: 문헌 선정
3. 자료분석
1) 분석틀의 개발
연구결과
1. 문헌의 출판 및 연구 관련 특성
Table 1.
2. 문헌의 내용적 특성
Table 2.
No | Methods | Author (s) (year) | Aims | Population | Setting | Outcome measurements | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OAG | VAP incidence | PHPI | PBI | Oralodor | Culture | Duration of weaning | Thirst | Oral discomfort | BECK | Dry mouth | Mortality | AKP | ||||||
Al | Descriptive | Kim YJ (2009) | To identify the effect of 0.2% CHG oral care and HOB 30° elevation for VAP incidence |
508 Pts - exp. (n=245) cont. (n=263) |
M S, C | ○ | ||||||||||||
A2 | Choi KB, et al. (2009) | To investigate the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of oral care for intubated patients among ICU nurses | 153 ICU nurses | I | ○ | |||||||||||||
A3 | Methodolo gical | Choi ES (2019) | To develop an objective and validated dental hygienist competency for the professional oral care of endotracheal intubated patients | N/A | I | N/A | ||||||||||||
A4 | Quasi-experimental | Hong HK et al. (2006) | To identify the effect of oral care using 0.1% CHG on VAP in the ICU |
82 Pts -47 Pts in MICU: exp. (n=25), cont. (n=22) - 35 Pts in SICU: exp. (n=18), cont. (n=17) |
M S | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||
A5 | Park JH, Sohng KY (2010) | To evaluate the effects of three different oral care treatments on the oral state of patients with intubation in ICU |
50 Pts: NS (n=18), CHG (n=17), Toothbrushing (n=15) |
M, S | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||
A6 | Lee KH et al. (2010) | To investigate the effect of oral care using 0.1% CHG and tantum solution on oral status and incidence of oral pathogens among intubated ICU patients. | 26 Pts: exp. (n=12), cont. (n=14) | M | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
A7 | Seo HK, et al. (2011) | To examine the effect of oral hygiene for VAP incidence |
75 Pts: exp. (n=36), cont. (n=39) |
M, S | ○ | |||||||||||||
A8 | Choi HJ (2017) | To examine the effects of oral hygiene care on thirst, oral discomfort, and the duration of weaning in patients undergoing weaning from ventilator |
45 Pts: exp. (n=23), cont. (n=22) |
S | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||
A9 | Experimental | Cho WH (2004) | To compare the effect of water jet irrigation and gauze cleansing method on oral hygiene for patients in the ICU |
40 Pts: exp. (n=20), cont. (n=20) |
s | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||
A1O | Park JH, et al. (2012) | To evaluate the efficacy of 0.12% CHG for improving oral hygiene in intubated intensive care patients |
57 Pts: exp. (n=28), cont. (n=29) |
M, S | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||
A11 | jo YM, et al. (2015) | To identify effects of oral care protocol on bacterial floras of the oral cavity and oral health status of intubated patients in ICU. |
60 Pts: 1min. (n=20), 2min (n=20), 3min (n=20) |
I | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
A12 | Jang CS, Shin YS (2016) | To evaluate the effects of combination oral care on oral health status |
35 Pts: exp. (n=18), cont. (n=17) |
M | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||
A13 | Ko MS, et al. (2017) | To evaluate the effectiveness of 0.12% CHG oral care in the prevention of VAP and oral health status in critically ill adult mechanically ventilated patients in ICUs. |
73 Pts: exp. (n=31), cont. (n=42) |
M, S | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
A14 | Review | Cha YJ (2013) | To investigate that using toothbrushes prevent the incidence of VAP. |
12 studies (RCT 9,Non-RCT 3) 6724 Pts: exp. (n=3847), cont. (n=2788) |
M,S,N,C,T | ○ | ||||||||||||
A15 | Kim NY, et al. (2019) | To determine the effectiveness of oral care using CHG in VAP in the ICU. |
17 studies (all RCT) 3279 Pts: exp. (n=1633), cont. (n=1646) |
I | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
A16 | Nursing Practice Guideline* | Cho YA et al. (2014) | To adapt the previously developed, high-quality oral care guideline for the usage in clinical settings in Korea. | N/A | I | N/A | ||||||||||||
A17 | Cho YA et al. (2020) | To update the previously published nursing practice guideline for oral care | N/A | I | N/A |
* =The part of Intubation and Critical illness patients: AKP=Attitudes, knowledge, and practices of oral care: BAL=Bronchoalveolar lavage: BECK=Beck oral exam guide: C=Cardiac intensive care unit: CDC=Center for disease control and prevention; CHG=Chlorhexidine gluconate; cont.=control group; CPIS=Clinical pulmonary infections score; exp.=experimental group; HOB=Head of bed; I=Intensive care unit; M=Medical intensive care unit; mini-BAL=mini-bronchoalveolar lavage; N=Neurological intensive care unit; Non-RCT=Non-randomized controlled intervention studies; NS=Normal saline; OAG=Oral assessment guide: PBI=Papillary bleeding index: PHPI=Patient hygiene performance index: Pts=Patients; RCT=Randomized controlled trials: S=Surgical intensive care unit: T=Traumatic intensive care unit; VAP=Ventilator-associated pneumonia
3. 구강간호 중재 프로그램의 특성
Table 3.
aVW=after the discontinuation of the medication for ventilator weaning; BC=Benzethonium chloride; BH=Benzydamine hydrochloride; Bid=twice a day; CHG=Chlorhexidine gluconate; Cont.=control group; ETT=Endotracheal tube; Exp.=experimental group; min=minutes; F=forcep; G=gauze; NS=Normal saline; OAG=Oral assessment guide; OCS=Oral cleansing solution; Od=Once a day; Tid=Three times a day; VAP=Ventilator-associated pneumonia